Trends in language choice and effects of choice on acquisition: Kaqchikel Maya and Spanish in central Guatemala

Abstract

This study reveals trends in the choice of Kaqchikel Maya, Spanish, or both languages for household activities and by the generations, that is, the children, parents, and grandparents, in a village and a town in the central highlands of Guatemala. Similarities and differences between the village and town are described in both cases. The study also highlights the direct relationship between the language choice of parents and the acquisition of Kaqchikel by children. A total of 171 indigenous residents in the town and the village participated in the study. Findings are based on responses to a sociolinguistic questionnaire that also included measures of knowledge of Kaqchikel. Interviews were conducted by the authors working with bilingual Spanish and Kaqchikel Maya speaking assistants. The measures of knowledge of Kaqchikel were created by the bilingual assistants. The conclusion of this study includes discussion of limitations of current policies for promoting the Kaqchikel language through the education system and broadcasting media.