KOMPOSISI MIKROPLASTIK PADA ORGAN SARDINELLA LEMURU YANG DIDARATKAN DI PELABUHAN SENDANGBIRU, MALANG

Abstract

Sampel organik Tiga jenis mikroplastik ditemukan di seluruh sampel organ ikan dengan dominansi jenis fiber (54 %), diikuti oleh fragmen (43 %) dan film (3 %). Keberadaan mikroplastik pada ikan dapat dikaitkan dengan keberadaan mikroplastik di perairan. Komposisi jenis mikroplastik berbeda untuk setiap organ. Fragmen ditemukan paling banyak pada insang, sedangkan pada saluran pencernaan dan daging didominasi oleh jenis fiber. Film ditemukan dengan jumlah yang paling sedikit pada ketiga organ. Keberadaan mikroplastik pada insang dan saluran pencernaan berkaitan dengan interaksi langsung ikan dengan lingkungan melalui pernapasan dan proses makan, sedangkan mikroplastik pada daging karena adanya proses translokasi atau perpindahan antar organ. Abstract Microplastic as the result of degradation of plastic wastes has become major concern in the marine environment. Once entering the ocean, it can be ingested by various marine organisms including fish. This study aimed to analyze and compare microplastics in the gills, gastrointestinal tracks and muscle of Sardinella lemuru from Sendangbiru, Malang. Ten fish samples were collected from the fishermen on March 2020 with the size of 11−15 cm. Laboratory analysis was conducted from the measurement of the total length (cm) and weight (g) of each sample, dissection of each organ, degradation of organic matter and microplastic identification using microscope. Organic matter degradation was conducted using H 2 O 2 30 % and Fe(II) 0.05 M and samples were left overnight for the organic matter to completely degraded. Three types of microplastic were found with the highest was fiber (54 %) followed by fragment (43 %) and film (3 %). The presence of microplastics in the fish organs might be related with microplastics in the environment. The composition of microplastics was different in each organ. Fragment was observed the most in the gills, whereas fiber dominated in the gastrointestinal tracks and also fish muscle. Film was found the least in all the three organs. Microplastics in the gills and gastrointestinal tracks were related to the osmoregulatory and feeding process, respectively, while microplastics in the fish muscle might be due to translocation process between the organs.