The Market Mechanism as an Incentive Scheme

O. Hart
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引用次数: 1461

Abstract

It is often argued that competition in the product market reduces managerial slack. We formalize this idea. Suppose that there is a common component to firms' costs, i.e., as one firm's (total and marginal) costs fall, so do those of other firms. Then when costs fall, profit-maximizing firms expand. This reduces product prices and gives the manager of a nonprofit-maximizing firm less opportunity for discretionary behavior than if his firm's costs had fallen alone and produce prices had not changed. Hence average managerial slack is lower under competition than if there is a single nonprofit-maximizing monopolistic firm.
市场机制作为一种激励机制
人们常说,产品市场上的竞争减少了管理上的懈怠。我们将这个想法形式化。假设企业的成本有一个共同的组成部分,即当一家企业的(总成本和边际成本)下降时,其他企业的成本也会下降。当成本下降时,利润最大化的公司就会扩张。这降低了产品价格,并使非利润最大化企业的经理做出自由裁量行为的机会比企业成本单独下降而产品价格不变时少。因此,与单一的非利润最大化的垄断企业相比,竞争条件下的平均管理松弛程度更低。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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