A novel idea of coupling licensed and unlicensed users using distributed harmonizing algorithm (DHL) in cognitive radio networks (CRNs)

Abstract

Cognitive radio (CR) solves the spectrum insufficiency crisis by intelligently permitting secondary, or unlicensed, users entrance to the primary, licensed, users' frequency bands. Here considered a network of multiple primary users (PU) and multiple secondary users (SU). The objective of the SUs is to get entrance to orthogonal channels every one in use by one PU. Only one SU is permitted to coexist with a specified PU. In this paper proposed a distributed harmonizing algorithm to couple the network users where a Stackelberg game model is assumed for the relations between the coupled PU and SU. The preferred SU is agreed access in switch for monetary reward to the PU. The PU also amplifies its power to assemble its velocity obligation regardless of the SU's existence. The PU search for optimizing the intervention cost it suggests to a certain SU and the power allowance to sustain communication. The algorithm is exposed to execute secure to an optimal central controller, albeit at a condensed computational difficulty. The SU, alternatively, look for optimize its power demand so as to exploit its service. It is proven that this algorithm grants a sole steady harmonizing. Numerical results specify the supremacy of the proposed algorithm to a casual coupling of the users. Moreover, the algorithm is exposed to execute secure to an optimal central controller, albeit at a condensed computational intricacy.