STRES DAN STRATEGI KOPING ANAK JALANAN DI KOTA DEPOK

Abstract

ABSTRAKArus urbanisasi dan kemiskinan membuat fenomena anak jalanan meningkat. Banyak stresor yang membuat anak mengalami stres sehingga membutuhkan suatu strategi untuk mengatasinya. Tujuan penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik, tingkatan stres, dan strategi koping anak jalanan di SMP Master Kota Depok. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif sederhana. Pengambilan sampel mengunakan teknik total sampling. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 50 anak. Pengumpulan data dilakukan di SMP Master dengan kuesioner yang diadaptasi dari Perceived Stress Scale dan Ways of Coping yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya pada April 2017. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan analisis univariat yang menggambarkan karakteristik, tingkatan stres, dan strategi koping anak. Hasil penelitian: Karakteristik responden adalah remaja dengan rata-rata usia 14 tahun, pekerjaannya berdagang (32%), memiliki pengalaman dikucilkan (66%), mempunyai pengalaman kekerasan fisik (40%), pengalaman berpindah- pindah tempat tinggal (54%), dan tidak menggunakan narkoba (90%). Mayoritas anak jalanan di SMP Master Kota Depok (88%) mengalami stres sedang. Adapun jenis strategi koping yang sering digunakan ialah emotional focused coping (60%). Saran: Hasil penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi perawat agar dapat memfasilitasi kegiatan yang memberikan informasi mengenai cara menangani stres dengan strategi koping melalui kegiatan penyuluhan kesehatan jiwa dan pendampingan pemenuhan tugas perkembangan remaja.Kata Kunci: tingkat stres, strategi koping, anak jalananSTRESS AND COPING STRATEGY IN STREET CHILDREN AT DEPOK CITY AbstractUrbanization and poverty increase the phenomenon of street children. Children experience stress due to a number of stressors that a strategy is required to deal with them. Objective: This research aims to identify characteristics, levels of stress, and coping strategy in street children at Junior High School of Master, Depok City. Methods: This research is a simple descriptive research with a sample size of 50 children whom were taken using total sampling. Data were collected at Junior High School of Master by using questionnaires adapted from Perceived Stress Scale and Ways of Coping of which validity and reliability had been tested in April 2017. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis which described characteristics, levels of stress, and coping strategy in children. Results: The characteristics of respondents were adolescents with an average age of 14 years, working in trading (32%), having experience of being isolated (66%), having experience of physical violence (40%), having experience of moving from place to place (54%), and not using drugs (90%). The majority of street children Junior High School of Master in Depok City (88%) experience moderate stress. The most frequently used coping strategy was Emotional Focused Coping (60%). Suggestion: The results of this research recommend that nurses facilitate activities that provide information about how to deal with stress with coping strategies through mental health counseling activities and mentoring to fulfill adolescent development tasks.Keywords: stres level, coping strategies, street children