Pretesting Methods in Cross-Cultural Research

E. Aizpurua
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Introduction In recent years, substantial advances have been made in the field of multinational, multiregional, and multicultural research (commonly referred to as 3MC survey research; Johnson, Pennell, Stoop, & Dorer, 2018). This research magnifies challenges associated with monocultural studies and poses unique ones at both the organizational and methodological levels. Because cross-cultural surveys seek to make comparative estimates across populations, the data must be valid and reliable for each specific group, as well as comparable across them. Even when questionnaires are carefully translated and adapted, groups may systematically differ in the way they interpret certain questions or respond to them, posing a threat to the validity of the comparisons. In this context, pretesting becomes particularly beneficial to identify potential problems in survey questions and to assess comparability (Willis, 2015). This chapter introduces the concept and importance of pretesting in cross-cultural survey research. The most common methods used to pretest 3MC surveys are described, highlighting recent applications and developments, as well as current challenges. These methods include crosscultural cognitive interviewing, online probing, vignettes, and behavior coding. Next, reference is made to the combination of multiple pretesting methods to assess and improve cross-cultural surveys. In the last section of this chapter, the main challenges and opportunities of pretesting in comparative contexts are discussed.
跨文化研究中的预测试方法
近年来,跨国、多地区、多文化研究(通常称为3MC调查研究;Johnson, Pennell, Stoop, & Dorer, 2018)。这项研究放大了与单一文化研究相关的挑战,并在组织和方法层面上提出了独特的挑战。因为跨文化调查试图在人群中进行比较估计,所以数据必须对每个特定群体有效和可靠,并且在他们之间具有可比性。即使对问卷进行了仔细的翻译和改编,各群体对某些问题的解释或回答方式也可能有系统的不同,这对比较的有效性构成了威胁。在这种情况下,预测试对于识别调查问题中的潜在问题和评估可比性特别有益(Willis, 2015)。本章介绍了前测的概念及其在跨文化调查研究中的重要性。描述了用于预测试3MC调查的最常用方法,重点介绍了最近的应用和发展,以及当前的挑战。这些方法包括跨文化认知访谈、在线探究、小插曲和行为编码。其次,参考多种前测方法的结合来评估和改进跨文化调查。在本章的最后一部分,讨论了在比较背景下进行预测试的主要挑战和机遇。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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