Estimation of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of selenium nanoparticles stabilized with polyvinylpyrrolidone

Abstract

SeNPs lead to increased production of antibodies and anti-inflammatory cytokines, respiratory activity of lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophages and survival of animals. The goal of the work was to determine the biosafety of promising SeNPs for their using in the biotechnology of veterinary immunological means. Materials and methods. SeNP synthesis performed by reducing selenic acid with ascorbic acid in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone. Three sols with SeNP with different selenium concentrations were made: № 1 – 0.05; № 2 – 0.5; № 3 – 0.25 mmol/l. The test object in evaluation toxic effects was the calf kidney cell culture (MDBK). SeNP cytotoxicity was assessed in vitro by cell viability with trypan blue dye. Genotoxicity estimation in vitro has been analyzed by the method of DNA comets in alkaline conditions. Results and discussions. Morphological characteristics of SeNPs determined by electron microscopy. It was found that in the sample № 1 spherical particles have a size of 20-80 nm, № 2 – 70-90 nm and № 3 – 80-90 nm. The results of cytotoxicity studies on test cells showed that at a dilution of 1:50 the survival rate of cells in samples №2 and №3 were 99%. Obtained results of genotoxicity studies showed that SeNP samples in dilution 1:50 were not genotoxic and may have a protective effect. Conclusions and prospects for further research. Studies performed to evaluate biosafety of SeNPs indicate the absence of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on test cells. Therefore, the synthesized SeNPs are safe and biocompatible and can be used for manufacturing of experimental veterinary immunological means.