Woken Capitalism: How American Oligarchs “Are Saving” Democracy

I. Zhezhko-Braun
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Abstract

The article is a continuation of the series on US presidential campaigns. The latest of these, “A Shadow US Presidential Campaign”, revealed that the donor consortium Democracy Alliance sponsored a secret campaign against candidate Donald Trump in favor of the Democratic candidate, ostensibly “to save democracy”. The alliance-funded political infrastructure has given itself a mandate to transform the electoral system in 2020 under the pretext of ensuring safe voting amid the pandemic. The article describes the history of the emergence of oligarchic alliances in the United States and the extent of their influence on the political life of the country, and in particular, how private foundations directly interfere in elections and donate millions of dollars to organize and finance official counting of votes at the presincts, as happened in 2020. It is noted that the academic study of the influence of oligarchs on the electoral system is difficult due to the secrecy of this activity and, as a result of it, the insufficiency of the sources. The reasons why the classifications of oligarchies available in the literature do not clarify the essence of this problem are analyzed. The author gives a new interpretation of oligarchs and donor political consortiums as independent political subjects. The conditions and limitations of the compatibility of the oligarchs and their consortiums with democracy are discussed. The oligarchs are not divided into Republicans and Democrats, although they have to decide from time to time for which team (party) they are going to play in the next election cycle. There are currently two main opposing consortiums of donors in the US: conservatives and liberals, or “right” and “left”. The article describes the characteristics of consortiums as political entities distinct from other donor entities. The author analyzes a separate cycle of political philanthropy, as well as the political infrastructure of both consortiums. The conditions and limitations of the compatibility of the actions of the oligarchs and their consortiums with democracy are discussed. The article analyzes what exactly are the specific threats to democracy from the oligarchs, their consortiums and political structures sponsored by them, as well as where the actions of the oligarchs come into direct conflict with democratic institutions. The author discusses various deoligarchization strategies in the US and their effectiveness.
觉醒的资本主义:美国寡头如何“拯救”民主
这篇文章是美国总统竞选系列文章的延续。其中最新的一份名为《影子美国总统竞选》(A Shadow US Presidential Campaign)的报告披露,捐赠者联盟民主联盟(Democracy Alliance)赞助了一场反对候选人唐纳德•特朗普(Donald Trump)的秘密竞选,以支持民主党候选人,表面上是为了“拯救民主”。联盟资助的政治基础设施以确保大流行期间的安全投票为借口,赋予了自己在2020年改革选举制度的任务。这篇文章描述了美国寡头联盟出现的历史,以及它们对该国政治生活的影响程度,特别是私人基金会如何直接干预选举,并捐赠数百万美元,以组织和资助官方在各大投票站的计票工作,就像2020年发生的那样。委员会指出,由于寡头政治对选举制度的影响是保密的,因此很难对其进行学术研究,其结果是来源不足。本文分析了文献中对寡头政治的分类没有阐明这一问题本质的原因。作者对寡头和捐赠者政治财团作为独立的政治主体进行了新的解读。讨论了寡头及其联盟与民主相容的条件和限制。寡头们并没有分为共和党和民主党,尽管他们不得不不时地决定在下一个选举周期中支持哪一方(政党)。目前,美国主要存在两大对立的捐赠联盟:保守派和自由派,或“右翼”和“左翼”。本文描述了财团作为不同于其他捐赠实体的政治实体的特征。作者分析了一个独立的政治慈善周期,以及两个财团的政治基础设施。讨论了寡头及其联盟的行为与民主相容的条件和限制。本文分析了寡头、他们的财团和由他们赞助的政治结构对民主的具体威胁,以及寡头的行为与民主制度直接冲突的地方。作者讨论了美国的各种去寡头化策略及其效果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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