THEPROBLEM OF "WOMEN'S EQUALITY" IN SOVIET KAZAKHSTAN IN 1917-1930

Abstract

The article analyzes some aspects of women's equality in the context of changes in society during the formation of Soviet Kazakhstan. The first adopted legal provisions deal with marriage, divorce, bride kidnapping, bride price, levirate and other topics. The decision of the Central Executive Committee of the Turkestan SSR on the destruction of the “kalym” will also be published. According to the decree, all agreements on "kalym" were considered illegal, and violators of the provisions of the decree were held criminally liable before the court. However, after this decree was legally extended only to the Kazakhs, in 1923 the Central Executive Committee of Turkestan adopted a new decree that applied to all nationalities of the republic. The issue of women's equality was first raised at the All-Kazakh Congress in 1917 in Orenburg. The article analyzes the demands of the representatives of "Alash" in equalizing the position of women in political rights with men, the right to voluntarily marry, clarifying the consent of the bride upon marriage, establishing the age of marriage up to 18 years for men and 16 years for women, the abolition of “kalym”, levirate, consent of the first woman to marry the second wife.