New Computational Methods and the Study of the Romance Languages

Basilio Calderone, Vito Pirrelli
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Abstract

Nowadays, computer models of human language are instrumental to millions of people, who use them every day with little if any awareness of their existence and role. Their exponential development has had a huge impact on daily life through practical applications like machine translation or automated dialogue systems. It has also deeply affected the way we think about language as an object of scientific inquiry. Computer modeling of Romance languages has helped scholars develop new theoretical frameworks and new ways of looking at traditional approaches. In particular, computer modeling of lexical phenomena has had a profound influence on some fundamental issues in human language processing, such as the purported dichotomy between rules and exceptions, or grammar and lexicon, the inherently probabilistic nature of speakers’ perception of analogy and word internal structure, and their ability to generalize to novel items from attested evidence. Although it is probably premature to anticipate and assess the prospects of these models, their current impact on language research can hardly be overestimated. In a few years, data-driven assessment of theoretical models is expected to play an irreplaceable role in pacing progress in all branches of language sciences, from typological and pragmatic approaches to cognitive and formal ones.
新的计算方法和罗曼语的研究
如今,人类语言的计算机模型为数百万人提供了工具,这些人每天都在使用它们,几乎没有意识到它们的存在和作用。它们的指数级发展通过机器翻译或自动对话系统等实际应用对日常生活产生了巨大影响。它也深深影响了我们将语言视为科学研究对象的方式。罗曼语的计算机建模帮助学者们开发了新的理论框架和看待传统方法的新方法。特别是,词汇现象的计算机建模对人类语言处理中的一些基本问题产生了深远的影响,例如所谓的规则和例外之间的二分法,或语法和词汇之间的二分法,说话者对类比和单词内部结构的感知的固有概率性质,以及他们从已证实的证据中概括出新事物的能力。虽然现在预测和评估这些模型的前景可能还为时过早,但它们目前对语言研究的影响怎么估计都不为过。在未来几年内,理论模型的数据驱动评估预计将在语言科学的所有分支中发挥不可替代的作用,从类型和语用方法到认知和形式方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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