3 The Input-Output (IO) Table and its Main Application

S. Bwanakare
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Abstract

Leontief tried to apply neo-classical (Walras) general equilibrium to practical economic life. This suggests that subsequent analyses based on I-O tables or their extensions could have economic interpretations within the Walrasian framework apart from a few particular cases—e.g., those that consider the environment—violating Pareto optimum conditions. The objective of this chapter is to present a consistent methodology of updating, forecasting, and economic modelling on the basis of I-O tables—for which underlying matrices are ill-behaved or data are not reliable. The proposed maximum entropy methodology can dynamically assess I-O multipliers and update and forecast I-O table information by combining the generalized maximum entropy principle and macroeconomic theory. The procedure remains in line with multiplier-accelerator analysis, assuming that induced investment is a function of expected growth. The only required condition to apply the proposed techniques is the availability of statistical information on final demand or value-added accounts which allow for updating under some constraining information (macroeconomic or not) obtained earlier, according to the traditional approach I-O table. In the following sections, classical structure of an I-O table will be reviewed. The next step will describe I-O multipliers and their usage before trying to solve the more complex aspects of their estimation. Next, the proposed methodology for updating and forecasting an ill-behaved IO table will be described and the model presented.
3输入输出表及其主要应用
列昂惕夫试图将新古典主义(瓦尔拉斯)的一般均衡理论应用于实际经济生活。这表明,除了少数特殊情况外,基于I-O表或其扩展的后续分析可以在瓦尔拉斯框架内进行经济解释。即那些考虑违反环境的帕累托最优条件的理论。本章的目标是在I-O表的基础上提出一种一致的更新,预测和经济建模方法-其中底层矩阵表现不佳或数据不可靠。该方法将广义最大熵原理与宏观经济理论相结合,可以动态评估I-O乘数,更新和预测I-O表信息。假设诱导投资是预期增长的函数,这一过程仍然符合乘数加速器分析。根据传统方法I-O表,应用所建议的技术的唯一必要条件是有关于最终需求或增值帐户的统计资料,这些资料允许在先前获得的某些限制性资料(宏观经济或非宏观经济)下进行更新。在下面的部分中,将回顾I-O表的经典结构。下一步将描述I-O乘数及其用法,然后再尝试解决其估计的更复杂方面。接下来,将描述用于更新和预测不良IO表的拟议方法,并提出模型。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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