Laboratory evaluation of some Sri Lankan plants as post-harvest grain protectants for the control of rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae

Vidyodaya Journal of Science Pub Date : 2012-01-24 DOI:10.31357/VJS.V14I2.147

T. Gunarathna, M. Karunaratne

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引用次数: 8

Abstract

Powdered leaves of thirty seven plant species were screened under laboratory conditions with the temperature of 29±2°C and 84±2% relative humidity for their repellent properties against rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L). The screening was carried out with the view of producing more eco-friendly agents suitable for post-harvest rice protection and as sustainable alternatives to synthetic pesticides in the control of S. oryzae. Reared weevils were exposed to 15.0g of leaf powders admixed with rice grains in laboratory screening test using a modified cup-bioassay. The results revealed that twenty treatments caused significant repellency of adult S. oryzae than the control. Out of these, Ocimum gratissimum (Lamiaceae), Cinnamomum verum (Lauraceae), Mentha viridis (Lamiaceae), Plectranthus amboinicus (Lamiaceae) and Citrus reticulate (Rutaceae) showed the highest repellent activity. M. viridis elicited the highest and the strongest repellency (89.0 %) in the weevils when compared with the other three treatments. However, the weevils demonstrated considerably high rates of repellency to C. verum, O.gratissimum, C. reticulate and, P. amboinicus which were 76.0%, 74.0%, 68.0% and 64% respectively. When weevils were further tested against 5.0, 10.0 and 15.0g of leaf powders, all treatments showed significantly (p S. oryzae than the control. M. viridis at 15.0g dose elicited the highest and the strongest repellency (89%) in the weevils when compared with the other treatments and concentrations. The overall results indicated that repellency rate increased proportionately with the increase of the dose of the powder. A similar trend of repellency was also observed with time. However, the effects of all plant powders on the insects were highest within 6 hours post treatment. The overall results of the research provide scientific corroboration for the use of the four plant powders as effective grain protectants against the rice weevil. Key words : Sitophilus oryzae; Rice weevil; repellency; plant powders Vidyodaya Journal of Science Vol.14(2) 69-83

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一些斯里兰卡植物作为稻谷象甲收获后保护剂防治稻谷象甲的实验室评价

在温度为29±2℃、相对湿度为84±2%的实验室条件下，对37种植物的叶粉对水稻象鼻虫米象(Sitophilus oryzae, L)的驱避性能进行了筛选，以期开发出更环保的稻谷采后保护药剂，并作为合成农药的可持续替代品来防治米象。采用改良杯型生物测定法，将15.0g叶粉与稻谷混合，对饲养的象鼻虫进行室内筛选试验。结果表明，20种处理对稻瘟病菌成虫的驱避效果显著。其中，桔科(Ocimum gratissimum)、樟科(Cinnamomum verum)、薄荷(Mentha viridis)、Lamiaceae (Plectranthus amboinicus)和芸香科(rutacae)柑橘的驱避活性最高。与其他3种处理相比，绿芽孢杆菌对象鼻虫的驱避效果最高、最强(89.0%)。然而，象鼻虫对黄颡鱼、黄颡鱼、网纹绒颡鱼和黄颡鱼的驱避率分别为76.0%、74.0%、68.0%和64%。5.0、10.0和15.0g叶粉对象鼻虫进行进一步试验，所有处理的稻瘟病菌含量均显著高于对照。与其他处理和浓度相比，15.0g绿僵菌对象鼻虫的驱避效果最高，最强(89%)。总体结果表明，驱避率随粉末剂量的增加而成比例增加。随着时间的推移，也观察到类似的驱避趋势。但是，所有植物粉对昆虫的影响在处理后6小时内最高。本研究的总体结果为四种植物粉作为水稻象鼻虫的有效保护剂提供了科学依据。关键词:米象;米象;抵抗性;植物粉末，生物学报，Vol.14(2): 69-83

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Vidyodaya Journal of Science

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