Constriction Ring Syndrome

Abstract

The inborn constriction ring syndrome (CRS) encloses collective anomalies that develop in various amalgamation, typically damaging the lower extremities (limbs) and hardly the head as well as trunk. This syndrome has an inherited limb deformities. These anomalies with a variety of diagnostic presentations were described by showing the partial to complete, inherit, fibrous, circumferential, constriction bands or rings on any parts of the body, even though a particular predilection for both upper and lower extremities is visible. The CRS incidence differs from one case in 1500–15,000 live births. Eighty percent of cases happen in digits and upper extremities. More than 90% presents in the region of distal to wrist area. The familial ratio is relatively low, and it is thought that there is no inborn involuntary component to this disease. The diagnostic measures regarding the CRS can be authenticated with the help of ultrasonography. The clinical features may be totally different, and also, it could be due to one or more manifestations. This can be validated at the end of the first trimester or at the beginning of the second trimester. The treatment commonly follows after birth and where plastic and reconstructive surgery is believed to treat the resulting deformation. Plastic surgery was classified from simple to complex based on the extent of the deformity. Physical and occupational therapy may be necessary for a prolonged period. Amniotic band syndrome is considered an accidental event, and it does not appear to be genetic or hereditary, so the likelihood of it occurring in another pregnancy is distant. The reason for amnion tearing is not known, and as such, there are no known prophylactic measures. Congenital CRS is of unknown etiology and can lead to morbidity in the newborn. The syndrome and its complications are controllable with corrective surgery with good outcomes. Early intervention is agreeable for successful results.