Pseudohyperkalemia related to blood sampling at the University Hospital Center Professor Zafisaona Gabriel Mahajanga

Francine Isabelle Rakotonindrina, Rivo Solotiana Rakotomalala, Miora Koloina Ranaivosoa, Rissa Dahlia Njariaina, Tahirimalala Rabenandrianina, Olivat Rakoto Alson, Andry Rasamindrakotroka
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Abstract

Pseudohyperkalemia is common in routine laboratory tests. The objective of the present study is to determine pseudohyperkalemia associated with blood sampling and to analyze other causes that may explain the occurrence of hyperkalemia. A prospective descriptive and analytical study was carried out over a period of 3 months, from November 2020 to January 2021, at the University Hospital Center Professor Zafisaona Gabriel Mahajanga. Samples intended for the determination of plasma potassium, of which the pre-analytical phase could be followed from the blood sampling to their analysis were included. One hundred and twenty nine samples were tracked. Hyperkalemia was observed in 51 cases, or 39.5%. The frequency of pseudohyperkalemia was 27.5% (n = 14). Pseudohyperkalemia predominated on samples from hospitalized patients, where the pediatric department was first (50%, n = 7), followed by the Emergency and Intensive Care Department (42.9%, n = 6). It was more frequent on samples taken by paramedical trainees (78.6%, n = 11). Pseudohyperkalemia associated with tourniquet placement for more than one minute was 42.9% (n = 6). The age of 0 to 15 years and over 60 years, the presence of edema, renal and / or cardiac signs, the use of hyperkalemic drugs, and hospitalization were significantly linked to the occurrence of hyperkalemia (p<0.05). Pseudohyperkalemia must be differentiated from true hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia should always be confirmed before aggressive treatment.
假性高钾血症与大学医院中心Zafisaona Gabriel Mahajanga教授的血样有关
假性高钾血症在常规实验室检查中很常见。本研究的目的是确定与血液采样相关的假性高钾血症,并分析可能解释高钾血症发生的其他原因。从2020年11月至2021年1月,在大学医院中心Zafisaona Gabriel Mahajanga教授进行了为期3个月的前瞻性描述性和分析性研究。用于测定血浆钾的样品,其分析前阶段可以遵循从血液取样到他们的分析。追踪了129个样本。高钾血症51例,占39.5%。假性高钾血症发生率为27.5% (n = 14)。假性高钾血症在住院患者的样本中占主导地位,其中儿科占首位(50%,n = 7),其次是急诊和重症监护科(42.9%,n = 6)。假性高钾血症在辅助医疗培训生样本中更为常见(78.6%,n = 11)。假性高钾血症伴止血带放置时间超过1分钟者占42.9% (n = 6)。年龄0 ~ 15岁和60岁以上、存在水肿、肾脏和/或心脏体征、使用高钾药物和住院治疗与高钾血症的发生显著相关(p<0.05)。假高血钾必须与真高血钾鉴别。高钾血症应该在积极治疗前确诊。
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