An upper bound on the minimum distance of array low-density parity-check codes

Abstract

In this work, we present an upper bound on the minimum distance of array low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. An array LDPC code is a quasi-cyclic LDPC code specified by two integers q and m, where q is an odd prime and m ≤ q. In the literature, the minimum distance of these codes (denoted by d(q,m)) has been thoroughly studied for m ≤ 5. Both exact results, for small values of q and m, and general (i.e., independent of q) bounds have been established. For m ≤ 6, the best known minimum distance upper bound, derived by Mittelholzer (IEEE Int. Symp. Inf. Theory, Jun./Jul. 2002), is d(q, 6) ≤ 32. In this work, we derive an improved upper bound of d(q, 6) ≤ 20 by using the concept of a template support matrix of a codeword. The bound is tight with high probability in the sense that we have not been able to find codewords of strictly lower weight for several values of q using a minimum distance probabilistic algorithm. Finally, we provide new specific minimum distance results for m ≤ 6 and low-to-moderate values of q ≤ 79.