Genesis of accounting systems

Abstract

Introduction. Globalization of the economy requires the use of generally accepted business management tools in the conditions of an eco­nomy without borders. The trend of recent deca­des is the gradual approximation of existing national accounting systems and models to international standards. Problem. It is important to outline the cur­rent bounds of existing accounting systems, to investigate the objective way of their genesis in order to predict general trends in the interests of economic entities and regulatory institutions. The aim of the article is to clarify the essence of accounting systems in their evolution in order to identify the most important parameters, the classification of which would be the most universal and objective for the harmonization of accounting systems. Methods. General scientific methods of cog­nition are used – theoretical generalization, com­parative analysis and synthesis for processing factual information, induction and deduction. Results. The practical effect of accounting sys­tems classification is to promote the development and harmonization of national accounting sys­tems, help in the professional training of accoun­tants and auditors who will be able to perform their work more efficiently both within a certain country and at the international (global) level. Conclusions. The legal system of countries and their economic parameters are the main factors that are based on the vast majority of the studied classification of accounting systems and models. Economic factors, in turn, are indirectly determined by the level of education in the state and international relations, while correlating with the legal component. Other factors, despite their importance, are mostly not dominant. At the same time, the dominance of the ac­counting system, which is based on the princip­les of full coverage and fair disclosure of infor­mation, is growing on a global scale. The Inter­national Financial Re­porting Standards (IFRS), which affect the accoun­ting infrastructure of most countries, are built on its basic architecture.