Historical pathways for fuel cells. The new electric century

Abstract

With the turn of the century, we are entering a new era of personal electricity. It will be created at our command to power our cars, our homes and apartments. Electricity will be the response to the drivers of: environmental factors, toxic emissions and greenhouse gases, improved efficiency, decentralization. But telecommunication, Internet and satellites increasingly globally tie people together. Fuel cells and batteries are the principle systems to develop this age of personal electricity. History of the pathways of fuel cells will help guide the development of the present and the future electrical systems.