Effect of electric vehicle parking lots' charging demand as dispatchable loads on power systems loss

Abstract

One of the major concerns of future power systems is to utilize EVs as effective flexible means of controlling load demand. In this paper, the main goal is to evaluate the effect of large-scale utilization of electric vehicles (EV) on the total system loss. In this context, first the EVs' charging demand will be obtained using two probabilistic parameters: 1) expected driven distance, 2) expected duration of charging. The result is EV demand for 24 hours period which are added to the demand at load points. Eventually we solve the optimal power flow problem in each hour. We consider parking lots as demand aggregators to find the total charging demand at each hours based on single EV's electricity consumption. Afterwards, we investigate the effect of parking lots characteristics (charging rate, capacity in terms of number of EVs, and location in the power network) on the network's hourly loss and daily energy loss. To this end, we define four scenarios to determine the effect of charging rate and distribution of EVs over the network on the system loss. We also evaluate the effect of EV parking lot's location on the system loss.