Ancient Judaism and Its Sociological Analysis. A Classical Perspective

Abstract

The scientific analysis concerning Jewish history is a challenging task from the point of view of human studies, especially for those concerned with the spiritual uniqueness of a community that marked European history and culture. Here, we try to benefit from the contribution of Max Weber, and his research of Ancient Judaism, a major work written at the height of his sociological thinking, viewed in the mirror with the French sociology, marked by a functionalist perspective over social world, using the study of Antonin Causse. In the end, we try the weidening of classical sociology with Eric Voegelin’s philosophical perspective, for which the order of history begins with Israel and Revelation. Thus, it can be said that starting from a sociology of immanence it could be forseen a sociology of transcendence, through a perspective that asserts the axial role of spiritual identity in understanding people and their history throught religious manifestations.