Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Human Parainfluenza Virus Infection in Children of Xianyang Children's Hospital in 2022

Mingxing Dong, Ying Wang, Xi-xia Wang, Yale Zhang, Hong-xia Han, F. Jiao, Weihua Zhang
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Abstract

The incidence of HPIV infection in children is on the rise, particularly following the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, which presents a potential risk to the health of children. Objective: This study aims to investigate the epidemiological and clinical features of human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) in children admitted to Xianyang Children's Hospital (Xianyang Caihong Hospital) from January 2022 to December 2022. Methods: Out of the 5873 cases of hospitalised children, the ones which had HPIV as the only pathogen and were non-standard cases were excluded, and the rest were analysed for their clinical characteristics, based on the six nucleic acids kits used to detect HPIV in respiratory tract viruses. Results: Among 5873 cases of Nasopharyngeal swab specimens, there were 795 cases of HPIV antigen positive, of which 794 cases of HPIV3(13.52%, 3 cases of HPIV1(0.05%; There were 472 males (13.92%) and 325 females (13.09%) in them(χ2 =0.381, P=0.362).The infection rates in spring, summer, autumn and winter were 8.03%, 55.71%, 28.48% and 7.78%, respectively, and the difference of pairwise comparison were statistically significant (χ2=539.158, P=0).There were 318 cases (19.51%) in infant group and 164 cases (10.86%) in children group (χ2=45.118, P=0). With HPIV as the sole pathogen including 363 cases of bronchopneumonia, 237 cases of bronchitis, 8 cases of pertussis syndrome, 84 cases of bronchiolitis. Conclusion: ⑴. During the period of January to December 2022, Xianyang Children's Hospital has seen a high prevalence of HPIV, a virus causing lower respiratory tract infection, especially HPIV3. ⑵.No statistical evidence showed a difference between men and women in terms of high morbidity during spring and summer, which was more common among infants and young children. ⑶. Among children infected with HPIV, the four most common respiratory illnesses are bronchopneumonia, bronchitis, pertussis syndrome, and bronchiolitis. After undergoing symptomatic treatment, most children showed marked improvement. It is imperative to gain a thorough understanding of HPIV infections in children, enabling timely prevention and symptomatic treatment, identifying critical and serious illnesses, and reducing morbidity and mortality.
咸阳市儿童医院2022年儿童人副流感病毒感染流行病学及临床特征
儿童中HPIV感染的发病率正在上升,特别是在SARS-CoV-2出现之后,这对儿童的健康构成了潜在风险。目的:了解咸阳市儿童医院(咸阳市彩虹医院)2022年1月至12月住院儿童感染人副流感病毒(HPIV)的流行病学及临床特征。方法:在5873例住院儿童中,排除以HPIV为唯一病原体的非标准病例,根据6种呼吸道病毒核酸试剂盒检测HPIV,分析其临床特征。结果:5873例鼻咽拭子标本中HPIV抗原阳性795例,其中HPIV3阳性794例(13.52%),v1阳性3例(0.05%);其中男性472人(13.92%),女性325人(13.09%)(χ2 =0.381, P=0.362)。春、夏、秋、冬季感染率分别为8.03%、55.71%、28.48%、7.78%,两两比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=539.158, P=0)。婴幼儿组318例(19.51%),儿童组164例(10.86%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=45.118, P=0)。以HPIV为唯一病原菌,其中支气管肺炎363例,支气管炎237例,百日咳综合征8例,细支气管炎84例。结论:⑴。2022年1月至12月,咸阳儿童医院HPIV(一种引起下呼吸道感染的病毒)高发,尤其是HPIV3。⑵。没有统计证据表明男女在春季和夏季的高发病率方面存在差异,这在婴儿和幼儿中更为常见。⑶。在感染HPIV的儿童中,四种最常见的呼吸道疾病是支气管肺炎、支气管炎、百日咳综合征和细支气管炎。经对症治疗后,多数患儿均有明显改善。必须全面了解儿童感染HPIV的情况,以便及时预防和对症治疗,识别危重疾病,降低发病率和死亡率。
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