Analysis of vitamin intake among pupils aged 7–18 living in rural areas of the Podbeskidzie region

Abstract

Introduction and Objective. Research into the dietary habits of specific groups of children and adolescents is important from the public health perspective due to the possibilities for modifying any existing irregularities. The aim of the study was to assess the intake levels of vitamins in the daily diets of children and adolescents living in rural areas. Materials and method. The research used a study questionnaire containing questions on food products consumed every day from all 12 food groups, including: sweetened drinks, snacks, ready meals, sweets and fast food, as well as purchases made in the school shop, vitamin supplements and minerals consumption and dietary habits. Weight and height of each student were measured, BMI value calculated. The study participants comprised 332 pupils aged 7–9 years, 376 aged 10–12, 333 aged 13–15, and 139 aged 16–18. Results. In the study group, insufficient body weight was noted in 4.5% of pupils, excessive weight in 11%, and obesity in 10%. In all the groups of pupils, irrespective of age, the average daily intake of water soluble vitamins (with the exception of folic acid) met the Recommended Dietary Allowance. The average daily intake of vitamin A for all pupils exceeded the RDA. In vitamin D, even the maximum daily intake across all age groups did not meet the AI. Conclusions. The amount of vitamins in the diet was not in line with recommendations on correct dietary habits and, as such, requires the implementation of educational activities on the correct composition of the diet, in particular the variety of foodstuffs consumed. The daily supply of vitamin D was insufficient, and therefore must be supplemented, in particular during the autumn and winter seasons.