The Effect of Coconut Shell Liquid Smoke (Cocos nucifera) Fish on Nile Tilapia Hematology (Oreochromis niloticus) Tested the Challenge Aeromonas hydrophila

Abstract

Aeromonas hydrophila is a pathogenic bacterial disease that plays an important role in causing death in nile tilapia commodities. In this study, feed containing coconut shell liquid smoke which can be applied as an immunostimulant to treat Motile Aeromonad Sepricemia (MAS) disease in Tilapia. This study aims to determine the effect of coconut shell liquid smoke on the antibacterial activity test by in vitro and the challenge of A. hydrophyla by in vivo test. The in vitro test stages include MIC test, liquid smoke sensitivity test, and ampicillin antibiotic as a control. Furthermore, in the in vivo test by mixing 100gr containing liquid smoke at a dose of 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 9% (v/w). Furthermore, the challenge test was carried out by injecting a suspension of A. hydrophila bacteria with a dose of 106 cells/cfu as much as 0.1 ml orally in the feed and the observation variables included total erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit levels and clinical symptoms of tilapia. Data analysis using Anova and tested DMRT with 95% confidence interval. The results showed that the best concentration of liquid smoke in vitro with MIC 1% and sensitivity of liquid smoke 9% with a diameter of 5.63 cm, while the most effective challenge test at 3% treatment could reduce A. hydrophyla infection in tilapia with a total number of erythrocytes (106). /L): 2.27±0.15, total hemoglobin (g/dL): 8.03±0.21, and hematocrit level (%): 21.35±1.34 (p < 0.05). Tilapia which was challenged with A. hydrophila in the control treatment showed fin flakes, scales peeling, hemorrhagic, and exophthalmia. While the treatment given liquid smoke through feed showed that the condition of tilapia was better on clinical symptoms and hematological analysis than fish that were not treated. Keywords : Coconut Shell Liquid Smoke, A. hyrophila, antibacterial activity, clinical symptoms