Reviewing and Comparing International Best Practices in Carbon Neutral Planning for Thailand Power Sector

Niphit Phothisourinh, J. Singh
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Abstract

In the COP26 at Glasgow on 1st November 2021, the Prime Minister of Thailand announced to increase the NDC plan up to 40% from Business-as-Usual (BAU) to reach carbon neutrality by 2050 is an ambitious reduction target for this country. Therefore, this study aims to find the best practice in carbon-neutral planning for Thailand's power sector from international experiences through their communication of long-term strategy submissions. Fifteen countries are selected to be investigated and compared in their planning, specifically in the power sector. As a result, there are four key lessons from the reviewed countries. First, the decarbonization of electricity needs to be targeted by 2035 to support their carbon neutrality goal. Second, Renewable Energy (RE) needs to be set as the main power source in their power generation mix. Third, other sectors (e.g., transport, industrial and building) will be transformed by using electricity instead of fossil fuel. Forth, existing power plants with carbon capture storage (CCS) and other alternative technologies (e.g., energy storage, clean hydrogen, and smart grid) will be integrated to ensure energy security in the power system. Consequently, these key lessons will be adapted using SWOT analysis to propose Thailand's power sector pathway for achieving carbon neutrality by 2050.
回顾和比较泰国电力部门碳中和规划的国际最佳做法
在2021年11月1日于格拉斯哥举行的第26届联合国气候变化大会上,泰国总理宣布,到2050年,将国家自主贡献计划从“一切照旧”(BAU)增加到40%,以达到碳中和,这对泰国来说是一个雄心勃勃的减排目标。因此,本研究旨在通过泰国长期战略意见书的交流,从国际经验中寻找泰国电力部门碳中和规划的最佳实践。选择15个国家进行调查和比较其规划,特别是在电力部门。因此,从所审查的国家可以得出四个关键教训。首先,到2035年,电力的脱碳需要成为目标,以支持其碳中和目标。二是将可再生能源作为主要发电来源。第三,其他部门(如运输、工业和建筑)将通过使用电力而不是化石燃料来实现转型。第四,现有的碳捕获储存(CCS)和其他替代技术(如能源储存、清洁氢和智能电网)的发电厂将被整合,以确保电力系统的能源安全。因此,这些关键的经验教训将采用SWOT分析来提出泰国电力部门到2050年实现碳中和的途径。
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