Cells for in situ powder-diffraction investigation of chemical reactions

Abstract

An overview is presented of in situ chemical-reaction cells for time-resolved X-ray and neutron powder diffraction. Emphasis has been placed on following the development of in situ experiments from the early days up to the present, including some of the latest enabling technologies. Case studies are described that highlight the challenges of extracting the maximum chemical and structural information, despite the compromises on data quality associated with most in situ experiments.