Yüksek Çözünürlüklü ERA-Interim ve HadGEM2-CC Model Verilerine Göre Türkiye’nin Güncel ve Gelecekteki Holdridge Ekolojik Bölgeleri

Abstract

Holdridge ecological zones (HEB) are used for climate classifications and contain biome identification. In this study, using high-resolution ERA-Interim and HadGEM2-CC model data, current, 2041-2060 and 2061-2080 periods HEB zones of Turkey have been created. According to the obtained results, while premontane and lower montane belts are expanded in Turkey, subalpine, alpine and alvar belts are narrowing during the 2041-2080 period. Arid regions that not been in Turkey now appears during the 2041-2060 period. While semi-arid and sub-humid areas are increasing, humid, per-humid, super humid and semi-saturated areas are decreasing in this period. Desert shrubs, thorn woodlands, thorn steppes, steppes, dry forests, moist forests, wet forests, rain forests, tundra and cold desert biomes has been determined in current Turkey conditions. While very arid forest biome appears in 2041-2060 period, glacial areas disappear in 2061-2080 period. A method that makes determination of HEB classes practical has been developed. ABSTRACT The existing studies that have been conducted on Holdridge ecological zones (HEZ) in Turkey (Tatli and Dalfes, 2016; Tatlı, 2017; Tekin, Tatlı and Koç, 2018) have been station-based, and lack detailed information on regional borders. Although the HEZ borders have been determined on the global scale (Leemans, 1990), these are of low resolution and the details of these borders do not represent Turkey. Total monthly precipitation and average monthly temperature data produced by Karger et al. (2017) has been used in this study to determine Turkey's current HEZ border details. Approximately 1 km resolution data sets have been used for this study. Turkey is represented by 800 thousand data points, HEZ altitude-latitude belts, humidity regions, and biome boundaries of the integrated HEZ have been obtained. Current HEZ regions are obtained for the 1979–2013 period and compared to future data based on the HadGEM2-CC model and RCP 4.5 scenario for the 2041–2060 and 2061–2080 periods.