Ultrasound Diagnosed Traumatic Bilateral Cataractous Ectopia Lentis: A Case Report and Review

Abstract

Introduction: Ectopia lentis is defined simply as lens displacement which may either be partial or complete. It most commonly results from orbital trauma in over fifty percent (50%) of cases, and majority are unilateral. However, traumatic bilateral ectopia lentis is rare. Hereditary connective tissue diseases may also cause ectopia lentis (usually bilateral). The role of imaging is very crucial in early identification of ocular pathologies following trauma. Ocular sonography, being the cheaper, safer and very readily available modality in most low and middle income countries, becomes handy in the initial imaging work-up of patients with ocular trauma. Objectives: To report a rare case of traumatic bilateral cataractous ectopia lentis in an elderly female patient. To review pertinent literature about this condition. To justify the role of various imaging modalities, and particularly highlight the usefulness of ultrasound for evaluating cases of ocular trauma especially in emergency situations. Case Report: The case of a 75-year old female who had blunt trauma to her eyes, and never sought immediate specialized medical care, but instead chose to patronise a traditional healing home. Her visual impairment gradually deteriorated, necessitating a late presentation for imaging at our private radiodiagnostic facility in Agbor, Nigeria. Imaging using ocular sonography, revealed bilateral displaced cataractous lenses with associated vitreous haemorrhage, necessitating an immediate, but a late referral for specialized care. Conclusion: Emergency ocular sonogram is of utmost importance in cases of acute ocular trauma, as it can help identify ocular pathologies promptly.