Connective tissue dysplasia: new horizons of the problem

Abstract

The work raises questions of predicting the complications of pregnancy and childbirth and adverse conditions in the fetus in the presence of UCTD in the expectant mother, who also need to be studied, especially from the standpoint of mathematical modeling of the disease. It is also necessary to develop a common tactic for providing medical and social assistance and treatment and diagnostic services to pregnant women suffering from UCTD, which will make the outcome of childbirth more favorable and improve the subsequent prognosis for mother and newborn. In the literature there is practically no assessment of the course of pregnancy and the outcome of childbirth, depending on the severity of UCTD. Little is known about the role of a connective tissue metabolism marker - hydroxyproline, trace elements (magnesium) and vitamins (D3) in pregnant women suffering from UCTD, and the medical tactics regarding such patients are not clearly defined. Despite numerous successes in the study of the causes of complications during pregnancy and childbirth in women suffering from UCTD, a unified approach to their management during the prenatal stage has not yet been developed. Therefore, the search for possible predictors for the timely prediction of adverse pregnancy and childbirth outcome in such patients is becoming increasingly important. This will make it possible to develop an optimal organizational and methodological base and subsequently improve the prognosis for women and their offspring. Thus, in contrast to the existing standard approach, we have proposed a comprehensive management of patients suffering from UCTD, including the timely identification of patients from the risk group, clarification of their condition using such markers as magnesium and hydroxyproline, additional intake of magnesium and vitamin D preparations. Optimal plan managing the period of gestation, childbirth, and a pathogenetically reasoned set of treatment and preventive measures for women with UCTD, will not only improve the outcomes of pregnancy and childbirth, but also contribute to the health of the future generation. 1. UCTD affects the course of pregnancy, childbirth and the condition of the newborn. The degree of exposure is largely determined by the severity of the underlying disease. In severe UCTD, the prevalence of spontaneous miscarriage and preterm labor was significantly higher, and endometritis and severe anemia were more common in the postpartum period. Severe asphyxia on the Apgar scale at the 1st and 5th minutes, congenital heart defects, morphofunctional immaturity, conjugation jaundice and convulsive syndrome were more common in the fetus. 2. A low content of magnesium and hydroxyproline is associated with the occurrence of complications during childbirth and a decrease in the anthropometric characteristics of the newborn. Taking magnesium preparations reliably affects the concentration of this trace element and hydroxyproline in the blood of pregnant women suffering from UCTD. 3. Therapy with magnesium preparations is an effective tool in patients suffering from UCTD, as it helps to improve well-being during pregnancy, improves the course of the postpartum period and reduces the prevalence of chronic fetal hypoxia. 4. Vitamin D and magnesium supplements have a beneficial effect on pregnancy and the fetus, reducing the prevalence of pre-eclampsia and chronic intrauterine hypoxia of the fetus, reducing the incidence of morphofunctional immaturity and conjugation jaundice of the newborn. 5. The created computer program “STEP DST” can be applied in the clinical practice of obstetrician-gynecologists and health care organizers. The obtained individual forecast of the probability of development of complications of reproduction allows us to outline the optimal plan for managing the period of gestation, childbirth and the postpartum period, to prescribe a pathogenetically based set of therapeutic and preventive measures for women suffering from UCTD.