Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in girls

Abstract

Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of abdominal pain, which requires immediate surgical intervention in children and is a truly urgent pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. Preliminary diagnosis is made primarily on the basis of clinical data, however, in the course of further examination an integral part of the diagnostic process are additional research methods such as general blood tests, ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity. Purpose - to determine the complex diagnostic significance of the ultrasound method of research in patients with abdominal pain. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 200 medical records of inpatients treated at the Vinnytsia regional clinical hospital (Ukraine) for appendicitis in 2021 was conducted. Our study was conducted in the conditions on the basis of the analysis of medical records of inpatients. During the above-described period, ultrasound examination was performed in Vinnytsia regional clinical hospital in 200 girls with abdominal pain. Ultrasound examination was performed with Doppler scanning on ultrasound machines «SAMSUNG H 60» (South Korea) and «SAMSUNG» LS 22 EMU 1 HS (Seoul. Korea, 2016). The age distribution of girls was as follows: 0-3 years - 8 (4%) girls, 4-12 years - 86 (43%) children, 13-18 years - 106 (53%) girls. Results. Simultaneous comparison of the dynamics of local changes in the clinical picture, hemogram, the amount of endogenous intoxication and visual findings on ultrasound of the abdominal cavity avoids unwarranted surgery in patients with abdominal pain and direct the doctor to the correct tactical course in doubtful cases. Conclusions. Only a properly collected history, assessment of physical and clinical and laboratory parameters and data of laboratory methods of examination, the involvement of the necessary narrow specialists can avoid mistakes in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children. It is expedient and justified in the diagnostic assessment of the clinical picture in case of suspicion of acute appendicitis to compare the indicators of the total index of endogenous intoxication with the ultrasound method of appendix removal in the dynamics of the pathological process. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local ethics committee of all participating institutions. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: ultrasound, appendicitis, diagnosis, surgery.