Delay-dependent Stability Analysis Considering Dynamic Demand Response and Electric Vehicle Aggregator Integration in Two-Area Load Frequency Control Systems

Abstract

In this study, we determined the stability delay margins in a two-area load frequency control (LFC) system enhanced by electric vehicles (EVs) and demand response (DR) control. EVs based energy storage devices and responsive loads for DR control are becoming promising tools for electric power systems facing challenges in frequency stabilization. However, an open communication network used to send and receive the control signals can cause inevitable time delays, which could lead to undesired oscillations in the system frequency. Therefore, it is essential to obtain stability delay margins in the two-area LFC system with EVs and DR control for a stable operation. By constituting the enhanced LFC system model in Matlab/Simulink environment, we determined stability delay margins for randomly selected proportional-integral controller gains and various participation ratios of DR control and EVs along with the battery’s state of charge consideration influencing gains of EVs.