Coping With Losses and Past Trauma In Old Age: The Separation-Individuation Perspective

Liora Rar-tur, R. Levy-shiff
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引用次数: 21

Abstract

Abstract Old age is a stage in life in which numerous changes associated with loss can be expected to occur in major life domains. Deterioration of health; retirement; relocation; occupational and financial loss; loss of social roles, identity, status, and support; and the loss of spouse and significant others (siblings, friends) pose an ongoing threat to everyday functioning, forcing the individual to adapt. Thus, effective functioning in daily life represents a major developmental task for the aging (Bakes & Carstensen, 1996; Marsiske, Lang, Bakes, & Bakes, 1995). There is marked variability in adjustment among the elderly, and despite the numerous losses associated with aging, many elderly people are well adjusted and report experiencing high levels of well-being (George & Clipp, 1991;Wetle, 1990).
应对老年的损失和过去的创伤:分离-个性化的视角
老年是生命中的一个阶段,在这个阶段,许多与损失相关的变化可能会在生命的主要领域发生。健康恶化;退休;搬迁;职业和经济损失;失去社会角色、身份、地位和支持;失去配偶和其他重要的人(兄弟姐妹、朋友)对日常生活构成持续的威胁,迫使个人适应。因此,日常生活中的有效功能代表了老年人的主要发展任务(Bakes & Carstensen, 1996;Marsiske, Lang, Bakes, & Bakes, 1995)。老年人在调整方面有明显的差异,尽管与衰老相关的损失很多,但许多老年人适应得很好,并报告说他们经历了高水平的幸福(George & Clipp, 1991;Wetle, 1990)。
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