{"title":"MENGURAI KOMPLEKSITAS MASYARAKAT DI MASA PANDEMI: LABIRIN MENUJU PENDEKATAN KEBIJAKAN SISTEMIK PERSPEKTIF SISTEM SOSIAL LUHMANN","authors":"UI Ardaninggar Luhtitianti","doi":"10.23887/jish.v11i2.44440","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Selama kurang lebih dua tahun ini masyarakat kita telah melalui pandemi dengan berbagai kompleksitas yang muncul, khususnya pada aspek kesehatan dan ekonomi. Kedua sistem ini pada awal dan pertengahan pandemi telah melalui proses yang sulit dan bahkan chaos. Berbagai kebijakan yang dikeluarkan pemerintah dan masing-masing institusi ternyata belum bisa mengatasi kompleksitas problem pada kedua sistem tersebut. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan problem kompleksitas sosial yang terjadi pada berbagai institusi di Indonesia berkaitan dengan kebijakan dalam menghadapi pandemi dengan menggunakan pendekatan Sosiologis yakni Teori Sistem Sosial Niklas Luhmann. Artikel disusun dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif yakni studi literatur terhadap penelitian-penelitian terdahulu dan penelusuran data di internet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diferensiasi fungsional pada masing-masing sistem telah menghasilkan perbedaan meaning (makna) pada masing-masing institusi di masyarakat kaitannya dengan pandemi. Perbedaan makna ini pada akhirnya memunculkan feedback berupa variasi kebijakan pada masing-masing institusi, khususnya ekonomi dan kesehatan. Hal tersebut nampak di permukaan sebagai wujud dari ketidaksinkronan kebijakan antar institusi. Melalui pendekatan Sistem Sosial Luhmann, problem kompleksitas memungkinkan untuk dapat diurai dari akarnya, sehingga hasilnya dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu rekomendasi intervensi kebijakan bagi setiap sistem ketika ke depan menghadapi situasi yang sama seperti pandemi.Kata kunci: sistem sosial; pandemi; kebijakan; kompleksitas masyarakat For the past two years, Indonesian society has gone through a pandemic with various complexities that have emerged, especially in the health and economic aspects. These two systems at the beginning and amidst of the pandemic have a difficult and even chaotic process. Various policies issued by the government and each institution have not been able to overcome the complexity of the problems in the two systems. This article aims to explain the problem of social complexity that occurs in various institutions in Indonesia related to policies in dealing with a pandemic using a sociological approach, namely Luhmann's Social System Theory. The article was prepared using a qualitative research approach. The data was collected through literature study and searching for data on the internet. The results show that functional differentiation in each system has resulted in different meanings of pandemic for each institution in society. This difference ultimately gives rise to varied feedback in each institution, especially the economy and health. This appears on the surface as a manifestation of the incompatibility of policies between institutions. Through Luhmann's Social System approach, it is possible to solve the problem of complexity from its roots, so that the results can be used as one of the recommendations for policy interventions when facing a similar situation such as a pandemic in the future.Keywords: social system; pandemic; policy; the complexity of society","PeriodicalId":410316,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.23887/jish.v11i2.44440","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Selama kurang lebih dua tahun ini masyarakat kita telah melalui pandemi dengan berbagai kompleksitas yang muncul, khususnya pada aspek kesehatan dan ekonomi. Kedua sistem ini pada awal dan pertengahan pandemi telah melalui proses yang sulit dan bahkan chaos. Berbagai kebijakan yang dikeluarkan pemerintah dan masing-masing institusi ternyata belum bisa mengatasi kompleksitas problem pada kedua sistem tersebut. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan problem kompleksitas sosial yang terjadi pada berbagai institusi di Indonesia berkaitan dengan kebijakan dalam menghadapi pandemi dengan menggunakan pendekatan Sosiologis yakni Teori Sistem Sosial Niklas Luhmann. Artikel disusun dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif yakni studi literatur terhadap penelitian-penelitian terdahulu dan penelusuran data di internet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diferensiasi fungsional pada masing-masing sistem telah menghasilkan perbedaan meaning (makna) pada masing-masing institusi di masyarakat kaitannya dengan pandemi. Perbedaan makna ini pada akhirnya memunculkan feedback berupa variasi kebijakan pada masing-masing institusi, khususnya ekonomi dan kesehatan. Hal tersebut nampak di permukaan sebagai wujud dari ketidaksinkronan kebijakan antar institusi. Melalui pendekatan Sistem Sosial Luhmann, problem kompleksitas memungkinkan untuk dapat diurai dari akarnya, sehingga hasilnya dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu rekomendasi intervensi kebijakan bagi setiap sistem ketika ke depan menghadapi situasi yang sama seperti pandemi.Kata kunci: sistem sosial; pandemi; kebijakan; kompleksitas masyarakat For the past two years, Indonesian society has gone through a pandemic with various complexities that have emerged, especially in the health and economic aspects. These two systems at the beginning and amidst of the pandemic have a difficult and even chaotic process. Various policies issued by the government and each institution have not been able to overcome the complexity of the problems in the two systems. This article aims to explain the problem of social complexity that occurs in various institutions in Indonesia related to policies in dealing with a pandemic using a sociological approach, namely Luhmann's Social System Theory. The article was prepared using a qualitative research approach. The data was collected through literature study and searching for data on the internet. The results show that functional differentiation in each system has resulted in different meanings of pandemic for each institution in society. This difference ultimately gives rise to varied feedback in each institution, especially the economy and health. This appears on the surface as a manifestation of the incompatibility of policies between institutions. Through Luhmann's Social System approach, it is possible to solve the problem of complexity from its roots, so that the results can be used as one of the recommendations for policy interventions when facing a similar situation such as a pandemic in the future.Keywords: social system; pandemic; policy; the complexity of society
在过去两年左右的时间里,我们的社会经历了一场复杂的大流行,尤其是在健康和经济方面。在大流行的开始和中期,这两个系统都经历了艰难的过程,甚至混乱。政府和个别机构的政策未能解决这两种制度问题的复杂性。本文旨在解释问题的复杂性有关机构在印度尼西亚发生的社会政策面对流行病中运用社会学即尼古拉斯lumen社会系统理论。文章共使用定性研究的方法就是研究在网上对先前的研究文献和搜索数据。研究结果表明,各系统的功能分化产生了彼此的不同的意义(意义),在流行病有关的社会机构。这些意义上的差异最终导致了不同机构的政策变化,尤其是经济和卫生方面。这表面上看起来作为ketidaksinkronan之间政策的实体机构。通过社会制度lumen方法,允许从根部可以解开的复杂性问题,结果可以用作系统为每个政策干预的建议之一当向前的处境就像流行病一样。关键词:社会制度;流行病;政策;印尼过去2年,协会的社会复杂性,今已通过了a和不同complexities that have emerged流行,尤其是在卫生和经济aspects。这些两个系统在开始和amidst》流行祝你们更加和甚至是混乱的过程。不同政策每issued by《政府与护理员有音符被able to overcome境complexity of the problems两个系统。这个问题》文章aims to解释那个occurs在不同社交complexity institutions在印尼相关政策在处理with a流行用百万sociological进近,namely lumen的社交系统理论。这篇文章是用a qqe准备研究接近的地方。数据是collected通过文献研究和在寻找互联网上的数据。results秀那functional differentiation在每有resulted in different meanings)系统的流行为每institution in society)。这画ultimately给到每institution varied反馈里崛起,尤其是《经济和健康。这出现在美国地面a manifestation》incompatibility of institutions之间政策的联系。无论是lumen社交系统接近的地方,它是可能的解决之问题complexity来自它的根,所以那results可以成为过去美国一号》(recommendations for policy interventions)当面对a类似战况美国如此流行in the future。安装:社会系统;流行;政策;complexity of协会