INDUSTRI KELAPA INDONESIA: KINERJA DAN PERSPEKTIF PENGEMBANGAN MENUJU PENINGKATAN NILAI TAMBAH DAN DAYA SAING

Abstract

Coconut commodity has a strategic role in the country's foreign exchange earnings, providing employment and increasing farmers' income. In 2020 the value of Indonesia's coconut exports reached US$890 million, with a total export volume of 1.8 million tons. The most significant export value is processed coconut oil, namely crude coconut oil and semi-finished coconut oil, by 50% of other processed coconut products. The export value of processed crude coconut oil was 29% or US$254.9 million, and semi-finished coconut oil was 21% or US$188.1 million. This paper reviews the performance and problems of coconut Indonesia's industry and identifies opportunities for its development. The coconut industry performance faces problems from upstream to downstream. The upstream problems are low productivity, old plants, limited capital resources, damaged plants, and decreasing land area. The downstream issues are the lack of innovation in coconut products, fresh coconuts dominating coconut exports, and the decline in export performance for processed products of crude oil and semi-finished oil. Innovation and technology are necessary to enhance the coconut industry's performance. Produce ready-to-use products that are increasingly in demand in global and domestic markets. Productivity improvements, production costs, and quality are determinants of the competitiveness and yield of coconut exports.