ІNTERTEXTUAL HUMOROUS ELEMENTS IN THE ANIMATED SERIES GRAVITY FALLS AND THE SPECIFICS OF THEIR TRANSLATION INTO UKRAINIAN

Abstract

The main goal of the work is to consider the English-language animated film text “Gravity Falls” directed by Alex Hirsch, to identify the means of intertextuality of humor in it and to point out the peculiarities of their translation. It is emphasized that today, for scientists, the film text is a rich material for study due to its multidimensionality and dynamism, representing the dynamics of socio-cultural development of society in general and language in particular. The concept of intertextuality is based on the belief that all literary works are derived from or influenced by a previous literary work. There is intentional intertextuality, which borrows intentionally from texts, and there is covert intertextuality, where references occur accidentally (the connection or influence is not intentional), since any written text makes intertextuality possible. Some intertextual references are precise lines of dialogue or action, while others are more vaguely referenced. Any work of literature that participates in the creation of a new text is considered intertextual. When translating humorous elements, a specialist must take into account a number of factors. As for the transfer of a comic effect, it is quite a difficult task that requires consideration of various factors. Each language has its own specific linguistic devices for creating comic effect, and it is extremely unlikely that the same devices will be used in translation. That is why it is almost impossible to find a complete equivalent of wordplay or rhyming jokes in another language. The effectiveness of the transmission of the comic effect depends on the degree of coincidence of the background knowledge of the addressee and the recipient. Comic contexts that require awareness of another culture will often be untranslatable using equivalents. All these features greatly complicate the process of translating a cartoon, which is saturated with intertextual elements. Keywords: audiovisual translation; humorous elements; intertext; intertextuality; context; film text; techniques of translation.