FEATURES OF THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM REACTION UNDER MENTAL LOAD AND ACTIVE ORTHOSTASIS IN STUDENTS

Abstract

The adaptation of the body to the action of various environmental factors is based on the redistribution of the activity of the structures of the autonomic nervous system, accompanied by a change in heart rate variability. It is relevant to study the manifestations of the adaptive response during mental stress in comparison with the effect of other factors. The aim of the study is to compare the response of the autonomic nervous system under cognitive load and active orthostasis in students. Cognitive load was modeled using a correction test. To assess the state of the autonomic nervous system, statistical, spectral and geometric indicators of the heart rate were recorded using the Poly-Spectrum software and hardware complex. The transition of the body from a horizontal to a vertical position and mental activity lead to a shift in the autonomic balance towards the predominance of the influence of the sympathetic circuit of the autonomic nervous system. In orthostasis, this is mainly achieved by reducing the activity of the parasympathetic cardiac center. The formation of adaptive responses under mental stress leads to a pronounced predominance of sympathetic influences, which indicates a significant tension of the central regulatory mechanisms associated with the activation of sympathetic autonomic structures.