Studi Bentuk Fondasi Dangkal di Atas Tanah Pasir Dengan Model Eksperimen

Abstract

Load distribution of shallow foundations occurs along the width of the foundation. Several shapes of shallow foundations for example strip, square, and rectangular were made to analyze the effect of the foundation shape on the same footing area on bearing capacity of the shallow foundation due to vertical centric loads. The influence of the shape of the foundation on the bearing capacity was introduced by Terzaghi, Meyerhof, Brinch-Hansen, and Vesic. Experiment model on sand in the laboratory is carried out by making 3 (three) circular, square and rectangular foundation models with 3 (three) different areas of 100 cm 2 , 150 cm 2 and 200 cm 2 . The results of the physical model test show that the square shape can support a larger load than other tread forms in same footing area. Increasing the area of 50% will increase the bearing capacity of the foundation by 102% and the foundation with a double footing area, the bearing capacity of the foundation will increase by 157%. Increasing bearing capacity rectangular shape is the highest. There are differences results of prototype models and empirical formulas, where the empirical formulas, rising of bearing capacity shallow foundation higher than experiment models due to increasing footing area. The interpretation of load versus settlement using the Chin method shows that the results are close to the value of the foundation bearing capacity using the Hansen method.