Pharmacognostic and Pharmacolgical Profile of Amomum subulatum, ‘Black Cardamom’

Abstract

Amomum subulatum is a well-known aromatic spice that has been used for many years to treat a wide range of health issues. The literature search was limited to English-language research papers using PubMed, Google Scholar, Elsevier, NCBI, Springer, Wiley Online Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct databases. For the review, significant information on the pharmacological activities of A. subulatum, such as anti-inflammatory, nephroprotective, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and so on, was gathered. The profusion of secondary metabolites found in this medicinal herb may be responsible for its pharmacological activities. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed a high concentration of terpenoids, flavonoids, steroids, minerals, vitamins, and other compounds. The significant phytochemicals reported from A. subulatum include limonene, 1,8-cineole, terpineol, and many others. The current review provides a full summary of current knowledge on A. subulatum, including its phytoconstituents and pharmacological applications.