Greener Developments in the Process of Textile Dyeing: A Review

Abstract

The textile industry, which uses hundreds of chemicals in production, from raw material to disposal, is generally regarded among the most polluting industries. Some 72 toxic chemicals have been identified in water solely from textile dyeing, 30 of which cannot be removed. Increasing demand for sustainable dyeing processes is evident due to such environmental concerns, opening the door for exploitation of various new techniques of coloration with the help of modern scientific inputs so that modified naturally available dyes and colourants can offer themselves as effective ecologically benefiting alternative in various traditional and advanced application disciplines. In this review, we discuss various such advancements taken to adopt a greener step in the ladder of textile coloration and dyeing along with some newly discovered applications of natural dyes.