Response of Wave Dissipating Blocks Composing a Detached Breakwater to Waves with Various Periods

T. Kakinuma
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Abstract

We discuss the response of the wave dissipating blocks composing a detached breakwater to the waves with various periods, based on both the experimental and numerical results. First, in the hydraulic experiments, the number of the blocks fallen by the irregular waves was the largest when the still water level is moderate, namely the HWL. When the large and long wave is incident, the overflow that lasted for a long time fell many blocks at the back of the breakwater. When the irregular waves, long wave, and irregular waves are continuously incident in this order, the first irregular wave train shifted several blocks, and the subsequent long wave dropped these shifted blocks, displacing the blocks around them, whereafter the second irregular wave train dropped many of the displaced blocks. Second, in the vertically two-dimensional calculations, when the long wave struck the breakwater, a large-scale vortex was created near the seabed in front of the breakwater and remained during the pushing wave. The overflow due to the long wave generated negative wave pressure at the top behind the breakwater. Based on both the numerical and experimental results behind the breakwater, when a large positive wave pressure is generated after a negative wave pressure that is not large in absolute value, the number of fallen blocks will reduce. When large and short waves cause overtopping, and negative wave pressure frequently appears behind a breakwater, the blocks at the back of the breakwater can gradually shift, loosening their engagement.
独立防波堤消波块体对不同周期波浪的响应
在实验和数值计算的基础上,讨论了组成分离式防波堤的消波块体对不同周期波浪的响应。首先,在水力试验中,静水位适中时,不规则波浪落块数量最大,即HWL。当大长波来袭时,持续时间较长的溢流在防波堤后部落下许多块。当不规则波、长波和不规则波以这种顺序连续入射时,第一个不规则波列移动了几个块,随后的长波放弃了这些移动的块,取代了它们周围的块,随后第二个不规则波列放弃了许多被移动的块。其次,在垂直二维计算中,当长波撞击防波堤时,在防波堤前海床附近形成一个大尺度涡,并在推动波期间保持不变。长波溢流在防波堤后顶部产生负波压。从防波堤背后的数值和实验结果来看,当绝对值不大的负波压后产生较大的正波压时,落块数量会减少。当大浪和短波引起过顶,并且防波堤后面经常出现负波压时,防波堤后面的块体会逐渐移动,使它们的接合松动。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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