Methods of preparing aqueous extract and bioactivity of Mentha spicata L. on Raphanus sativus L. seeds

Leonardo Pereira Xavier, A. Pires, L. Bonome, G. S. Moura, G. Franzener, A. P. Fernandes
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Abstract

The plant interaction knowledge can be applied in several sectors in agriculture such as crop rotation, weed management, green manure and the use of cover crops. Studies on the allelopathic potential of certain plants have been carried out with the application of vegetable extracts on the seeds of a sensitive plant, however, a consensus has not been reached regarding the best way to prepare such extracts. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of methods of extraction of allelopathic compounds and the bioactivity of different concentrations of the Mentha spicata L. aqueous extract on Raphanus sativus L. seeds. A completely randomized design was used in a 5x4 factorial scheme with four replications and four extraction methods (infusion, grinding in a blender, drying at 40 °C and 70 °C) and five concentrations (0; 25; 50; 75 and 100%). The variables investigated were: phenolic compounds quantification, germination, germination speed index (GSI), mean germination time (MGT), radish shoot and root length. The extract presenting the highest amount of phenolic compounds was prepared via infusion (724.36 µg/mL), followed by drying at 40 °C (605.07 µg/mL), blending (594.12 µg/mL) and drying at 70 °C (529.36 µg/mL). The Mentha spicata L. aqueous extracts interfered in the radish seed physiological quality, by inhibiting germination, GSI and MGT increase, mainly when in higher concentrations. There was a directly proportional relation between the quantity of phenolic compounds extracted through different extraction methods and the interference in the physiological quality of the radish seeds.
薄荷水提液的制备方法及对莴苣种子的生物活性研究
植物相互作用知识可以应用于农业的几个部门,如作物轮作、杂草管理、绿肥和覆盖作物的使用。对某些植物的化感作用潜力进行了研究,将蔬菜提取物应用于一种敏感植物的种子,然而,关于制备这种提取物的最佳方法尚未达成共识。研究了化感物质的提取方法及不同浓度薄荷水提物对莴苣种子的生物活性。5 × 4因子方案采用完全随机设计,4个重复,4种提取方法(输注、搅拌器研磨、40°C和70°C干燥)和5种浓度(0;25;50;75%和100%)。研究变量为:酚类化合物定量、发芽率、发芽速度指数(GSI)、平均发芽时间(MGT)、萝卜茎长和根长。经浸提(724.36µg/mL)、40℃干燥(605.07µg/mL)、共混(594.12µg/mL)、70℃干燥(529.36µg/mL)制备出酚类化合物含量最高的提取物。薄荷水提物对萝卜种子生理品质的影响主要表现为抑制种子萌发,GSI和MGT增加,且浓度越高越明显。不同提取方法提取的酚类化合物含量与干扰萝卜种子生理品质的程度成正比关系。
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