A Miniaturized Large-Scale MIMO Antenna Using the Double-Ring Structure

Abstract

This paper presents a miniaturized large-scale MIMO antenna for mobile stations. The use of double-ring structure comprising the inner and outer 64 × 64 MIMO arrays provides a compact 128 × 128 MIMO array due to an efficient array arrangement under the two-dimensional spatial constraint condition. A simple EM model comprising three elements is proposed, and a theoretical investigation is performed to determine the optimum radius of the inner array.