Characteristics of Power Cable Sheathing Materials with Thermal ageing

A. R, Satheesh Kumar P. V, Thirumurthy, Raja G K, Meena K P
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Abstract

Sheathing materials of the power cables play an important role in the protection of the cable against mechanical damage and fire accidents. The sheathing materials are selected based on the application and the installation environment of the cables. Generally used sheathing materials for power cables are Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC), Flame Retardant Poly Vinyl Chloride (FR PVC), Flame Retardant Low Smoke Poly Vinyl Chloride (FRLS PVC) and Low Smoke & Zero Halogen (LSZH) materials. PVC possesses high mechanical strength, and electrical strength. However, the smoke and toxic gas release during fire is more for PVC. To improve the flame retardancy and smoke properties, additives and fillers are blended to PVC to make it as FR PVC and FRLS PVC. The optimal selection of additives is done in such a way that the materials retain its basic mechanical and electrical properties along with improved fire characteristics. LSZH materials emit low smoke and no halogens. It is having high amount of mineral fillers to enhance the fire and smoke properties. Lubricants, stabilizers, plasticizers, antioxidants, and colorants are also added to retain the flexibility of the cables, avoid the deterioration of the materials and to achieve the desired colors. In the present study, the various sheathing materials of new power cables are analyzed for its mechanical and fire properties with ageing. The sheathing materials are aged at its field operating temperatures for duration of up to 672 hours and the properties are measured periodically. Ageing of the special sheathing materials have not resulted into significant changes in the fire properties except the loss of chlorine in PVC & FRLS PVC. However, the ageing of the sheathing materials has resulted into loss of certain mechanical properties. Hence it is suggested to evaluate the properties of sheathing materials with accelerated ageing at the compounding stage itself for its optimal compounding blend and to ensure the integrity of the compounds throughout its lifetime.
具有热老化特性的电力电缆护套材料
电力电缆的护套材料对防止电缆的机械损伤和火灾事故起着重要的保护作用。根据电缆的应用和安装环境选择护套材料。电力电缆的护套材料一般有聚氯乙烯(PVC)、阻燃聚氯乙烯(FR PVC)、阻燃低烟聚氯乙烯(FRLS PVC)和低烟零卤(LSZH)材料。聚氯乙烯具有很高的机械强度和电气强度。然而,火灾时释放的烟雾和有毒气体更多的是PVC。为了提高PVC的阻燃性和防烟性,在PVC中掺入添加剂和填料,使其成为FR PVC和FRLS PVC。添加剂的最佳选择是以这样的方式完成的,即材料保留其基本的机械和电气性能以及改进的防火特性。低烟、无卤材料。它含有大量的矿物填料,以提高其防火和防烟性能。同时还添加了润滑剂、稳定剂、增塑剂、抗氧化剂和着色剂,以保持电缆的柔韧性,避免材料变质,达到理想的颜色。本文对各种新型电力电缆护套材料老化后的力学性能和防火性能进行了分析。护套材料在其现场工作温度下老化长达672小时,并定期测量其性能。除PVC和FRLS PVC中氯的损失外,特种护套材料的老化对其防火性能没有显著影响。然而,护套材料的老化导致了某些机械性能的损失。因此,建议在复合阶段评估加速老化护套材料的性能,以获得最佳的复合共混物,并确保化合物在其整个生命周期内的完整性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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