Skin of the IV-VI phototype - characteristics of skin dermatoses and adverse effects as a result of cosmetological therapies

Abstract

The process of melanogenesis determines the color of the skin, hair, and iris of the eye, but during its abnormal course, pigmentation disorders may occur. Skin pigmentation is influenced by environmental, physiological, and biological factors. The characteristic cells that take part in the process of melanogenesis are melanocytes. Their structure plays a significant role in the production of melanin and the formation of skin pigment. The extensive characteristics of the skin in terms of its appearance, histopathological, morphological, and functional structure, allow for the comparison of skins with different phototypes in terms of their properties and parameters. The aim of the study was to present the clinical picture of pigmented spots, disorders of skin appendages, and dermatological diseases characteristic for the skin phototype IV-VI. Dermatoses occurring in dark-skinned people include acne, hirsutism, keloids, scars, pigment spots. In relation to these diseases, cosmetological treatment therapies were presented which allow eduction and elimination of skin problems.