THE EQUIVALENT OF THE JAPANESE VERBS SONAERU, SASHIAGERU, AND SAZUKERU INTO INDONESIAN

Abstract

This research focuses on the verb equivalent of  'giving' Japanese into Indonesian. Japanese and Indonesian have different expressions of the 'giving' verb, both syntactically and pragmatically. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. In this study, the theory used is semantic theory from Chaer which states lexical meaning and grammatical meaning. The pragmatic theory used in this study is the contextual theory from Pateda which is supported by the politeness level factor approach of Mizutani & Mizutani. The data source of this study uses data from the Japanese corpus, namely www.kotonoha.gr.jp/shonagon/. The results of this study indicate that (1) sentence structure with sonaeru verb in Japanese, does not require the appearance of three arguments that express datif. And the sentence structure with the sashiageru and sazukeru verbs must use three arguments which state datif (ni) which indicates the existence of a giver, recipient, and something given. (2) the equivalent of the Japanese verb sonaeru, sashiageru, and sazukeru in the Indonesian sentence structure shows that the three verbs are lexically, namely sonaeru, sashiageru, and sazukeru are both meaningful giving. In addition, the sonaeru verb has a broader lexical meaning that can express offer, present, provide, prepare, present from someone who is positioned down to the boss. The sashiageru verb has a lexical meaning only to give both goods and services from subordinates to superiors. Verb sazukeru has a lexical meaning bestowed, teach, offered. The use of these three verbs in grammatical meaning will be adjusted to the context of the sentence.   Keywords: datif, giving, sashiageru, sazukeru, sonaeru