FEATURES OF THE WINE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT: GLOBAL TRENDS AND DOMESTIC REALITIES

Abstract

The article analyzes the peculiarities of the development of the wine industry in different countries of the world and in Ukraine. The wine industry is one of the main budget-generating industries in many countries of the world. The leaders in grape cultivation are the following countries: Spain, France, China and Italy. The purpose of the study is to analyze the peculiarities of the development of the wine industry in the world and in Ukraine. The article uses such research methods as systematic, statistical, dialectical methods, as well as the method of induction and deduction. In recent years, the wine industry has changed dramatically. Lower tariffs, lower logistics costs, and lower barriers to international trade have enabled manufacturers to sell their products beyond a limited region and face competition from distant suppliers. The authors conducted a study of the global and national wine industry in the conditions of the pandemic. It was noted that COVID-19 had a significant impact on the development of the wine industry. Many factors are contributing to the decline in consumption of the world's best wines, including reduced tourism and the closure of some fine dining restaurants due to the pandemic. The characteristics of the leading enterprises of the wine industry of Ukraine are provided. The main factors that influence the production of wine are highlighted. In Ukraine, the Odesa, Kherson and Mykolaiv regions have the largest area of ​​grape plantations. The largest producers are “Shabo”, “Odesavynprom”, “Koblevo”. The wine industry is a promising area of ​​ the Ukrainian economy development, an integral part of its foreign economic potential due to favorable natural and climatic conditions and the availability of high-quality labor and other resources. At the same time, the war of 2022 drastically affected winemaking in all corners of Ukraine. Some wineries are completely or partially destroyed, some are in the occupied territory, others live under the threat of shelling every day. Therefore, the main feature of the modern stage of winemaking enterprises is the increasing influence of the external environment on the efficiency of their activities. Recently, the wine market has been characterized by high growth rates, changes in state regulatory instruments, increased competition, etc. Effective development of winemaking is possible on the basis of a combination of the latest technological developments and organizational and economic conditions. The main direction of the wine industry development is: improving the use of available resources and climatic potential of the regions, expanding the logistics networks of enterprises, organizing and improving the varietal composition of plantations.