Epidemiology of prostate cancer in the Yaroslavl region in 2012-2021.

Abstract

Introduction. According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer, the total number of primary cases of cancer in the world in the second decade of the 21st century exceeded 14 million cases, and the number of deaths is more than 8 million annually. The aim of the study was to investigate the dynamics of epidemiological indicators in patients with prostate cancer (PСa) in the Yaroslavl region for 10 years in the period from 2012 to 2021. Materials and methods. The analysis of demographic indicators in the Yaroslavl region is carried out. For the period from 2012 to 2021, a retrospective analysis of the primary diagnosis of 3566 PСa patients and the death of 1270 men in the Yaroslavl region was carried out. The contingents of patients with PСa were studied depending on the size and composition of the population of the region. Data from the population cancer registry database and basic reporting forms were used for the analysis. Results. In the Yaroslavl region, a regressive type of population has been identified, there is a pronounced tendency to aging and population decline. There was an increase in the absolute number of newly diagnosed PСa patients by an average of 35.2% over the specified period. In the period from 2019-2021, a decrease in the number of patients with stages I–II of tumor lesion, an increase in neglected cases was revealed. The annual detection of patients with stage III was consistently low, below the national average (13.0 – 19.5%). Advanced forms of PСa are detected in a significant number of cases with a sharp increase in the period from 2019 to 2021 to 39.2%. The number of men who survived the 5-year follow-up period increased by 54.4%. The annual mortality rate remained stable, but exceeded the average for the Russian Federation. The mortality rate of patients from PСa remained stable with a slight increase in the period 2019-2021 to 2.3 – 2.7 per 10,000 population. Conclusion. It is advisable to develop and implement a regional program for early diagnosis and screening of PСa based on a set of simple and publicly available methods.