Mitral annular calcification – An overview -

Abstract

Calcification of the mitral annulus has long been considered as a benign condition. However, recent investigations have shed a light on this condition. According to the severity of the disease, the result may be regurgitation or rarely stenosis of the mitral valve. In addition to the local effects, mitral annular calcification is considered as a surrogate for systemic inflammation, widespread calcifications and cardiovascular risk factors. Treatment is considered when calcification is severe enough to cause hemodynamic effects or is suspected to be a source of systemic embolization. Different surgical techniques are employed according to the localization and severity of the calcium deposition, the function of the valves and overall patient condition.