Frequency Reconfigurable Triangular Microstrip Antenna for UWB and Milimiter-Waves 5G Applications Using PIN Diodes

Abstract

This paper presents a compact frequency reconfigurable triangular microstrip antenna, which consists of a fractal triangular patch with partial ground plane designed on commercially available FR4 substrate (δr =4.3) with a thickness of 1.6mm. The combination of stub loading and slot etching techniques are utilized to modify the surface current distributions of the antenna in order to allow frequency reconfigurability and stable radiation pattern. Four p-i-n diodes are used to allow the antenna to switch between various important bands as Millimeter-Waves 5G applications (up to 24 GHz), Ultra Wide Band, WLAN band (5.2/5.8 GHz), WIMAX high-frequency band (5.25–5.85 GHz),and Ku Band (12-18 GHz). the antenna exhibits stable radiation and positive gains for all configurations.