Analysis of the Capital Structure of Commercial Banks

Abstract

The article presents a regression analysis of banking determinants and their impact on the capital structure of banks for the period 2011–2019 on an extensive statistical base of the countries of India, Russia, China, the USA and banks in the Eurozone. The study proceeds and is based on the empirical results of the analysis of the structure of bank capital, carried out for individual countries up to the specified period. These results turned out to be quite contradictory regarding the significance of different determinants of the structure of bank capital. Understanding the influence of the determinants on the stability of the banking system, the article attempts to explain the differences for the period 2011–2019, when the countries' banking systems adopted the Basel 3 capital adequacy requirements. It is shown that 1) the capital structure of banks is influenced not only by banking determinants, but also by development conditions, regulatory institutions, the state of the economy, which is evidence of the need to analyze the problems of forming the capital structure of banks by countries, types of banks, etc.; 2) banking determinants between 2011 and 2019 explain the variation in bank capital structure to a significant extent and regulatory action is relevant for all countries. From the point of view of the peculiarities of the formation of the structure of bank capital and the role of the regulator in this case, directions of modification of relevant theories of capital structure are proposed.