Small-angle X-ray Scattering Analysis on Filler Dispersion State in Polymer Composite Prepared by Solvent Casting

NIPPON GOMU KYOKAISHI Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI:10.2324/GOMU.92.158

Yudai Fukunaga, Y. Fujii, S. Inada, Y. Tsumura, M. Asada, M. Naito, N. Torikai

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Abstract

The dispersion state and aggregate structure of carbon black (CB) in polystyrene (PS) composites prepared by solvent casting the suspensions in different dispersion media: tetrahyrdrofuran, chloroform, and toluene, were investi-gated by transmission electron microscopy, and ultrasmall-angle and small-angle X-ray scattering (USAXS and SAXS). The macroscopic dispersion state of CB in the solvent-cast films reflects the dispersion stability of the suspensions in the PS solutions with the different dispersion media. The mass and surface fractal dimensions, D m and D s , of CB in PS were evaluated by applying the Beaucage unified equation to combined profiles of USAXS and SAXS. The evaluated values of D m tend to exhibit a increment for the composite prepared by dispersion media with lower CB dispersibility in suspension, while the D s values are clearly lower than that for the CB powder due to the effects of physical adsorption of the polymer on the CB surface. The viscoelastic moduli of the melt composites below and above the percolation lim-it varied with the dispersion medium, reflecting the difference in the macroscopic dispersion state and aggregate structure of CB in PS. Small-angle

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溶剂铸造聚合物复合材料中填料分散状态的小角x射线散射分析

采用四氢呋喃、氯仿和甲苯三种不同的分散介质，对炭黑(CB)在聚苯乙烯(PS)复合材料中的分散状态和聚集体结构进行了透射电镜、超小角和小角x射线散射(USAXS和SAXS)研究。CB在溶剂铸膜中的宏观分散状态反映了不同分散介质下悬浮液在PS溶液中的分散稳定性。将Beaucage统一方程应用于USAXS和SAXS组合剖面，对PS中CB的质量和表面分形维数D m和D s进行了评价。CB在悬浮液中分散性较低的分散介质制备的复合材料的D m值有增加的趋势，而由于聚合物在CB表面的物理吸附作用，D s值明显低于CB粉末。熔体复合材料在渗流极限以下和渗流极限以上的粘弹性模量随分散介质的不同而变化，反映了CB在PS中宏观分散状态和聚集结构的差异

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