IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LITERACY CAMPAIGN IN KAZAKHSTAN

Abstract

The article discusses the campaign to eliminate illiteracy in Kazakhstan 20-30 years of the twentieth century. Since the beginning of the XX century, the problem of illiteracy in the Kazakh region began to rise as an important problem of society. One of the most important directions inthe work of the Soviet government was the organization of adult literacy training after the Bolsheviks adopted the decree on the elimination of illiteracy. The economic difficulties that persisted throughout the campaign were associated with the severe consequences of the Civil War –ruin, famine of the 20-30s, lack of financial resources. Socio-psychological difficulties were associated with the unwillingness of the main group of students to study in difficult living conditions. Organizational and personnel difficulties were caused by the social unevenness of the illiterate population, the shortage of teachers, the need to develop textbooks for the adult population studying. In addition, it is noted that hunger and repeated reforms of the Kazakh alphabet are at the heart of socio-economic, socio-political difficulties.